Seroprevalence and risk factors of leptospirosis in dairy cattle at some selected coastal areas in Barishal district, Bangladesh

Abstract

Background: Leptospirosis is a worldwide distributed zoonotic disease which affects humans and animals in countries with humid, tropical and subtropical climates. It is a well known cause for abortion, stillbirth or birth of weak calf. The present study was performed to investigate the seroprevalence, risk factors and biochemical values of bovine leptospirosis in dairy cattle at the mentioned area. Methods: A cross sectional study was performed from February 2021 to January 2022. A total of 240 serum samples of dairy cattle were investigated by rapid test (Genomix Bovine LeptospiraAb Rapid Detection Test KitR). The serum samples were further assessed for biochemical analysis. Risk factors were identified by multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results: The overall prevalence of bovine leptospirosis in dairy cattle was 10%. The odds of leptospirosis was 3.21 (96% CI: 1.20; 8.54) higher in crossbred cows than local cows. In addition, pregnant cows were at 3.66 times higher risk for leptospirosis than non-pregnant cows. The serum creatinine level was significantly higher (0.94±0.06) in disease positive cows than healthy ones (0.73±0.05). Conclusions: Female crossbred cows should be targeted for future control and surveillance programs in the study area.