Anti-HBc antibodies and occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) among blood donors in Lomé, Togo-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Anti-HBc antibodies and occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) among blood donors in Lomé, Togo

Published:2024-05-03 Issue:1 Volume:14 Page:11-16
ISSN:2230-9020
Container-title:International Journal of Blood Transfusion and Immunohematology
language:en
Short-container-title:Int J Blood Transfus Immunohematol

Author:

Koboyo Nadjir Liza¹,Katawa Gnatoulma²,Kolou Maléwé³,Tougouma Esso-Mondjonna⁴,Badassan Magnim⁴,Mazou Bassimtou⁴,Ablam Ameyissa Amégnikpa⁴,Feteke Lochina¹,Salou Mounérou³,Didier Ekouevi Koumavi⁵

Affiliation:

1. National Blood Transfusion Center (CNTS), Lomé, Togo, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Lomé, Togo

2. Higher School of Biological and Food Techniques (ESTBA-UL), Lomé, Togo

3. Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Lomé, Togo

4. National Blood Transfusion Center (CNTS), Lomé, Togo

5. Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Lomé, Togo

Abstract

Aims: Among the progressive forms of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections, the HBs antigen (HBsAg) remains undetectable in 25% of cases. There is also a form of HBV infection called occult HBV infection (OBI) characterized by the presence of viral DNA in the blood and tissues with no detectable levels of HBsAg associated with or without anti-HBc Ab, or anti-HBs Ab out of the pre-seroconversion period, which constitutes an infectious risk in blood transfusion. Methods: To determine the prevalence of anti-HBc Abs and the HBV DNA in the blood of donors recruited at the blood transfusion center (CNTS) of Lomé. This is a cross-sectional study including 967 blood donations which were seronegative to HBs antigen during the biological qualification of the donation (BQD) from July 28 to August 19, 2022. The detection of total anti-HBc Abs (IgM and IgG) was performed by BIORAD enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method; the viral load measurement was carried out according to the polymerase chain reaction method by amplification of COBAS AmpliPrep/TaqMan 4800 (Roche diagnostics). Data processing and analysis were performed using EXCEL 2013 software and SPSS software. Concerning the ethical aspect, we have obtained written consent from the donors and the agreement of the bioethics committee for health research No. 052/2022/CBRS. Results: The prevalence of anti-HBc Abs was 33.82% (CI: 30.83–36.80). Viral DNA was detected in 10 cases. The prevalence of occult hepatitis B was 3.05% (10/327) in blood donors carrying anti-HBc antibodies, and 1.03% (10/967) in the blood donors population that does not carry HBsAg. Conclusion: The presence of occult hepatitis B within the population of blood donors at the blood transfusion center of Lomé constitutes a real threat to transfusion safety. The association of the viral DNA detection by PCR to the serological tests that are currently carried out during the biological qualification of the donations could be a better approach to reduce the risk of transmission of HBV by blood transfusion at the CNTS of Lomé.

Publisher

Edorium Journals Pvt. Ltd.

Reference26 articles.

1. McMahon BJ. Epidemiology and natural history of hepatitis B. Semin Liver Dis 2005;25 Suppl 1:3–8.

2. Zhang J, Zou S, Giulivi A. Agence de Santé Publique du Canada (ASPC). L’hépatite B au Canada. L’hépatite virale et des nouveaux agents pathogènes transmissibles par le sang au Canada. Relevé des Maladies Transmissibles du Canada (RMTC) 2001;27S3. [Available at: http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca//publicat/ccdr-rmtc/01vol27/27s3/27s3e_f.html]

3. Traoré AN. Mesure de l'incidence de l'hépatite virale B selon la séroconversion pour l'AC HBC, chez les donneurs de sang du Québec. 2006.

4. Barker LF, Murray R. Aquisition of hepatitisassociated antigen. Clinical features in young adults. JAMA 1971;216(12):1970–6.

5. Hoffnagle JH, Seeff LB, Buskell-Bales Z, et al. Serologic responses in HB. In: Vyas GN, Cohen SN, Schmid R, editors. Viral Hepatitis: A Contemporary Assessment of Etiology, Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Prevention. Philadelphia: Franklin Institute Press; 1978. p. 219–42.