Characterisation and comparison of semen microbiota and sperm function in men with infertility, recurrent miscarriage, or proven fertility

Author:

Mowla Shahriar1,Farahani Linda23,Tharakan Tharu34,Davies Rhianna3,Correia Gonçalo DS15,Lee Yun S15,Kundu Samit15,Khanjani Shirin6,Sindi Emad3,Rai Raj2,Regan Lesley27,Khalifa Dalia8,Henkel Ralf3910,Minhas Suks4,Dhillo Waljit S3,Nagi Jara Ben11,Bennett Phillip R157,MacIntyre David A.157,Jayasena Channa N38ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London

2. Wolfson Fertility Unit, Department of Gynaecology, St. Mary’s Hospital, Imperial College NHS Trust

3. Section of Endocrinology & Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London

4. Department of Urology, Charing Cross Hospital, Imperial College NHS Trust

5. March of Dimes European Prematurity Research Centre, Imperial College London

6. Department of Gynaecology, University College London Hospital

7. Tommy’s National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Imperial College London

8. Department of Andrology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College NHS Trust.

9. LogixX Pharma

10. Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape

11. Centre for Reproductive and Genetic Health (CRGH)

Abstract

Poor semen quality increase risks of infertility and recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) in couples. Global, reported sperm counts have more than halved since the 1970s. Canonical genitourinary microbes such as gonorrhoea are known to impair semen quality. Furthermore, several recent, small studies have highlighted trends in semen microbiome characteristics associated with semen quality in asymptomatic men. However, the semen microbiota during recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) has not been investigated. Herein we combine metataxonomic profiling of semen microbiota by16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, semen analysis, terminal-deoxynucleotidyl-transferase-mediated-deoxyuridine-triphosphate-nick-end-labelling, Comet DNA fragmentation and luminol ROS chemiluminescence to holistically describe the human seminal microbiome in a total 223 men within a cross-sectional ethics-approved study (healthy men with proven paternity, n=63; male partners of women with RPL, n=46; men with male factor infertility, n=58; men in couples unexplained infertility, n=56). We describe seminal microbiome clusters which are common both healthy men and those with infertility and RPL. Furthermore, specific microbiota perturbation is associated with impaired semen quality irrespective of reproductive disorder.

Publisher

eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd

Reference43 articles.

1. Temporal trends in sperm count: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis;Hum Reprod Update,2017

2. Effect of bacterial infection on sperm quality and DNA fragmentation in subfertile men with Leukocytospermia;Bmc Mol Cell Biol,2021

3. Treatment of Leukocytospermia in Male Infertility: A Systematic Review;World J Mens Health,2016

4. Male Infertility and Oxidative Stress: A Focus on the Underlying Mechanisms;Antioxidants-Basel,2022

5. Microbiota of the seminal fluid from healthy and infertile men;Fertil Steril,2013

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