Abstract
The article presents a review of literature on the prevention of nosocomial pneumonia (NP), which has a high frequency in the resuscitation and intensive care unit, severe complications (up to 52.1 % of cases) and mortality. The following aspects are shown: risk factors for NP and multiple antimicrobial resistance; the goal and program of NP prevention aimed at reducing the likelihood of contamination and infection of patients; the need for epidemiological surveillance of health care associated infections and observance of principles of asepsis and antiseptics by medical personnel; the prevention of oropharyngeal colonization and aspiration; methods of timely verticalization of patients who suffered from acute cerebral insufficiency of any etiology; stimulating spirometry, respiratory gymnastics and chest massage.