Features of neuroimmune and genetic profile in men with clinical manifestations of vegetative vascular dystonia of hypertensive type

Abstract

Background. Identification of immune, neurohumoral and genetic markers of vegetative vascular dystonia of the hypertensive type is relevant in the aspect of prevention and early diagnosis of cardiovascular pathology in middle-aged men. Aim. To study the features of the immune and neurohumoral profile in middle-aged men with clinical manifestations of vegetative vascular dystonia of the hypertensive type, associated with polymorphic variants of candidate genes for blood vessel tone regulation. Material and methods. 113 middle-aged men (mean age 46.1±3.9 years) were examined. The observation group included 65 men (average age 45.3±4.6 years) with clinical manifestations of vegetative vascular dystonia of the hypertensive type. The comparison group included 48 men without signs of autonomic regulation dysfunction (average age 48.3±3.2 years). The groups were comparable in age (p=0.593), ethnic and social composition. The content of CD3+CD95+ lymphocytes was determined by flow cytometry; interleukin-6, total immunoglobulin E, adrenaline, serotonin — by enzyme immunoassay. Polymorphic variants of the genes ADRB2 (rs1042713), ADD1 (rs4961), GNB3 (rs5443), HTR2A (rs7997012) were identified by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Statistical processing: comparison of arithmetic means using Student's t-test or Mann–Whitney U-test, calculation of odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results. The immune profile of men with disorders of autonomic regulation was characterized by a deficiency of CD3+CD95+ lymphocytes against the background of overproduction of total immunoglobulin E and interleukin-6. The neurohumoral profile was characterized by excessive synthesis of adrenaline and serotonin. The development of symptoms of vegetative vascular dystonia of the hypertensive type was associated with the G allele of the ADRB2 gene (rs1042713) (OR=1.80; 95% CI=1.05–3.08; p 0.05), the G allele of the ADD1 gene (rs4961) (OR=3.51; 95% CI=1.27–9.67; p 0.05), C allele of the GNB3 gene (rs5443) (OR=2.30; 95% CI=1.21–4.37; p 0.05), A allele of the HTR2A gene (rs7997012) (OR=2.38; 95% CI=1.37–4.15; p 0.05). Conclusion. Changes in the immune profile were identified (deficiency of CD3+CD95+ lymphocytes, excess of total immunoglobulin E, interleukin-6), associated with hyperproduction of adrenaline and serotonin against the background of polymorphism of candidate genes for vascular tone regulation [ADRB2 (rs1042713), ADD1 (rs4961), HTR2A (rs7997012 ), GNB3 (rs5443)].