Pathogenesis of atherosclerosis of arteries of the lower extremities: candidate genes and their polymorphism

Abstract

Personalized medicine involves the use of genetic methods by physicians for early diagnosis, prediction of the nature of the disease course and the choice of medicines and their doses based on personalized characteristics of the individual patient. Advances in the study of the human genome make it possible to reveal the interrelation between different varieties of alleles of human genes (polymorphism) and predisposition to certain diseases. Currently there are more than 10 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the human genome, but their biological role remains poorly understood. On the basis of a literature search of electronic full-text and abstract-only versions of articles’, which was conducted in the PUBMED, OMIM and GENE databases, collected was the information on genetic predisposition to systemic atherosclerosis. The review is dedicated to polymorphisms of the major genes that play a role in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis of the lower extremities.