Rare dermatosis is disseminated actinic superficial porokeratosis

Abstract

Porokeratoses are a very rare group of dermatoses, acquired or hereditary, of unknown etiology, characterized by a violation of keratinization. The disease is manifested by one or more atrophic spots, each of which is surrounded by a characteristic hyperkeratotic, ridge-like border called a "horny plate". There are several forms of this pathology, among which there are sporadic cases and family variants with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance of various penetrance. This article presents a clinical case of the occurrence of superficial disseminated actinic porokeratosis in a 59-year-old woman after prolonged exposure to the sun. The eruptions were represented by small spots, rounded, pinkish-yellow-brown in color with an atrophic center, surrounded by a raised narrow roller with a groove on the surface, have no tendency to merge, symmetrically arranged. Screening for diseases that cause immunosuppression (human immunodeficiency virus, hematological malignancies) and renal insufficiency did not reveal pathology. Histological examination showed a typical well-limited plume of parakeratotic cells (horn plate), hypogranulosis, dyskeratotic cells or vacuolated keratinocytes, which made it possible to make a final diagnosis. Considering that insolation in this case is a causally significant factor and the likelihood of malignant neoplasms against the background of dermatosis remains, it is extremely important for such patients to use sunscreens with a high degree of protection as part of complex therapy, as well as regular skin examinations.