Sarcoidosis of respiratory system at the beginning of the III Millennium

Abstract

Sarcoidosis of respiratory system is a systemic granulomatosis disease accompanied by the development of epithelioid cell granulomas. During the treatment by glucocorticosteroid drugs or spontaneously, these granulomas disperse or get compacted. Connective tissue with annular distribution is formed around them. Sarcoidosis is etiologically, clinically and morphologically close to tuberculosis. The highest incidence of sarcoidosis has been observed among the urban population of the North of Europe (England, France, Sweden, Poland) - from 20 to 40 per 100000 population. In Russia summary data on the incidence of sarcoidosis does not exist. In the beginning of the Third Millennium according to the St. Petersburg sarcoidosis data it was 8-11 per 100000 people. The basis for justification of the tuberculous nature of sarcoidosis was the similarity of granulomas structure, its combination with tuberculosis and its transformation into tuberculosis with the release of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The main argument among the opponents of this etiology of the sarcoidosis - is the lack of effect from taking antituberculous medicine. Inefficiency takes place because the point of application of these drugs is the microbial wall. In sarcoidosis, granular and L-forms of mycobacteria with thin cell wall and changes in its structure with which antituberculous drugs contact them are detected in patients. Growth of such microorganisms on special nutrient media causes the restoration of the structure of microbial wall with the restoration of the bacteriostatic effect of anti-tuberculosis drugs.