Placement analysis of combined renewable and conventional distributed energy resources within a radial distribution network

Abstract

<abstract> <p>System islanding, relay tripping, and reverse power flow-like issues in the distribution network are all caused by randomly placed distributed energy resources. To minimize such problems, distributed energy resource (DER) optimal placement in the radial distribution network (RDN) is essential to reduce power loss and enhance the voltage profile. When placing DERs, consideration of constraints like size, location, number, type, and power factor (PF) should be considered. For optimal placement, renewable and nonrenewable DERs are considered. The effects of different types and PFs of DER placements have been tested on the IEEE 33 bus RDN to satisfy all limitations. Using various intelligent techniques, distributed energy resource units of optimal type, PF, size, quantity, and position were placed in the IEEE 33 bus RDN. These intelligent strategies for minimizing power loss, enhancing the voltage profile, and increasing the convergence rate are based on an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system, a genetic algorithm, and enhanced particle swarm optimization.</p> </abstract>