Numerical investigation and improvement of the aerodynamic performance of a modified elliptical-bladed Savonius-style wind turbine

Abstract

<abstract> <p>The Savonius turbine has an advantage over other types of vertical axis wind turbines (VAWT), which have speeds ranging from the lowest wind speed to the highest. However, the main problem is the negative torque on the rotary blades. This paper used computational fluid dynamics to numerically investigate the two-dimensional flow analysis of a modified elliptical Savonius wind turbine. This study investigated and compared five rotor blades: Classic, elliptical, and their three modifications. The behavior of wind energy was studied explicitly by changing the angle of the axis of the elliptical blade from the concave side, which leads to a convex shape to increase the area affected by the thrust force and increase the positive torque. The ANSYS (previously known as STASYS Structural Analysis System) Fluent version 15 software solves the unstable Reynolds-Naiver-Stokes (URAN) equation. The coupling algorithm solves the pressure-based coupling pressure velocity using the ANSYS Fluent. In the simulation, the drag, lift, and moment coefficients on the Savonius turbine were calculated directly at each change in the axis angle. The test results at wind speeds of up to nine m/s showed that the modified elliptical turbine with an axis angle of 50° had the highest coefficient power (Cp) among other elliptical blade modifications. In comparison, the test results with variations in wind speeds of 4–12 m/s showed that turbines with an axis angle of 55° performed better with a higher tip speed ratio (TSR) than other models.</p> </abstract>