BIOLOGI REPRODKSI IKAN KEMBUNG (RASTRELLIGER BRACHYSOMA BLEEKER, 1851) DI TELUK STARING, SULAWESI TENGGARA

Abstract

Abstrak: Biologi reproduksi suatu organisme merupakan salah satu informasi penting dalam upaya pengelolaan sumberdaya perairan. Penelitian biologi reproduksi ikan kembung (Rastrelliger brachysoma) di Teluk Staring, Sulawesi Tenggara dilakukan dari bulan Maret sampai Juli 2018. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis biologi reproduksi ikan kembung yang meliputi tingkat kematangan gonad (TKG), indeks kematangan gonad (IKG), dan ukuran pertama kali matang gonad. Koleksi ikan menggunakan alat tangkap jaring insang permukaan bermata jaring 2 dan 2 ¼ inci. Kematangan gonad ikan diamati berdasarkan morfologi gonad yaitu bentuk, warna, dan bobot gonad. Sebanyak 215 individu ikan kembung tertangkap dengan kisaran panjang 206-297 mm dan bobot 110,0-366,0 g. IKG ikan jantan dan betina tertinggi ditemukan saat bulan Maret (1,80 dan 2,22) dan Mei (1,77 dan 1,91). Ukuran pertama kali matang gonad ikan jantan dan betina terjadi saat berukuran panjang 247 mm dan 239 mm. Penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa puncak pemijahan ikan kembung (R. brachysoma) di perairan Teluk Staring terjadi saat bulan Maret dan Mei.Kata kunci: Reproduksi, kembung, musim pemijahan, Teluk Staring, Sulawesi TenggaraAbstract: Reproduction biology of organism is one of information for aquatic resources management. Research on the biology of short mackerel reproduction (Rastrelliger brachysoma) in Gulf of Staring, Southeast Sulawesi was conducted from March to July 2018. The objective of this research was to describe aspects of the reproductive biology of short mackerel such as gonadal maturation, gonadosomatic index, and length at first maturity (Lm50). Fish collection was done using gillnets (with mesh sizes of 2 and 2¼ inches). The gonadal maturation of fish was determined morphologically by comparing the shape, size, color, and gonad weight. A total of 215 individual fish were caught with ranging 206-297 mm in length and 110.0-366.0 g in weight. The gonadosomatic index of male and female were found in March (1.80 and 2.22) and May (1.77 and 1.91), while length at first maturity (Lm50) of male and female were 239 mm and 247 mm, respectively. This research indicates that the peak of short mackerel spawning in Gulf of Staring waters occurred during March and May.Keywords: Reproduction; short mackerel; spawning season; Gulf of Staring, Southeast Sulawesi