Turing Bifurcation Induced by Cross-Diffusion and Amplitude Equation in Oncolytic Therapeutic Model: Viruses as Anti-Tumor Means

Abstract

In this paper, we propose a reaction–diffusion mathematical model augmented with self/cross-diffusion in 2D domain which describes the oncolytic virotherapy treatment of a tumor with its growth following the logistic law. The tumor cells are divided into uninfected and infected cells and the virus transmission is supposed to be in a direct mode (from cell to cell). In the absence of cross-diffusion, we establish well posedness of the problem, non-negativity and boundedness of solutions, nonexistence of positive solutions, local and global stability of the nontrivial steady-state and the nonoccurrence of Turing instability. In the presence of cross-diffusion, we prove the occurrence of Turing instability by using the cross-diffusion coefficient of infected cells as a parameter. To have an idea about different patterns, we derive the corresponding amplitude equation by using the nonlinear analysis theory. In the end, we perform some numerical simulations to illustrate the obtained theoretical results.