Histopathological growth patterns of liver metastasis: updated consensus guidelines for pattern scoring, perspectives, and recent mechanistic insights
Author:
Latacz Emily, Höppener Diederik, Bohlok Ali, Leduc Sophia, Tabariès Sébastien, Moro Carlos Fernández, Lugassy Claire, Nyström Hanna, Bozóky Béla, Floris Giuseppe, Geyer Natalie, Brodt Pnina, Llado Laura, Mileghem Laura Van, Schepper Maxim De, Majeed Ali W., Lazaris Anthoula, Dirix Piet, Zhang Qianni, Petrillo Stéphanie K., Vankerckhove Sophie, Joye Ines, Meyer Yannick, Gregorieff Alexander, Roig Nuria Ruiz, Vidal-Vanaclocha Fernando, Denis Larsimont, Oliveira Rui Caetano, Metrakos Peter, Grünhagen Dirk J., Nagtegaal Iris D., Mollevi David G., Jarnagin William R, D’Angelica Michael I, Reynolds Andrew R., Doukas Michail, Desmedt Christine, Dirix Luc, Donckier Vincent, Siegel Peter M., Barnhill Raymond, Gerling MarcoORCID, Verhoef Cornelis, Vermeulen Peter B.
Abstract
AbstractThe first consensus guidelines for scoring the histopathological growth patterns (HGPs) of liver metastases were established in 2017. Since then, numerous studies have applied these guidelines, have further substantiated the potential clinical value of the HGPs in patients with liver metastases from various tumour types and are starting to shed light on the biology of the distinct HGPs. In the present guidelines, we give an overview of these studies, discuss novel strategies for predicting the HGPs of liver metastases, such as deep learning algorithms for whole slide histopathology images and medical imaging, and highlight liver metastasis animal models that exhibit features of the different HGPs. Based on a pooled analysis of large cohorts of patients with liver-metastatic colorectal cancer, we propose a new cut-off to categorize patients according to the HGPs. An up-to-date standard method for HGP assessment within liver metastases is also presented with the aim of incorporating HGPs into the decision-making processes surrounding the treatment of patients with liver metastatic cancer. Finally, we propose hypotheses on the cellular and molecular mechanisms that drive the biology of the different HGPs, opening some exciting pre-clinical and clinical research perspectives.
Publisher
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Cited by
1 articles.
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