Angiographic profile among patients with acute coronary syndrome in tertiary care centre: A retrospective cross-sectional study

Abstract

AbstractBackgroundAcute coronary syndrome (ACS) is characterized by a variable presentation of vessel involvement, which significantly impacts morbidity and mortality rates. In this study, we aimed to investigate the angiographic findings in patients diagnosed with ACS.Materials and methodsWe conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study in the Cardiology Unit of the Department of Internal Medicine from January 1, 2022, to December 30, 2022, following ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee (reference number: 079/080-161). We employed convenience sampling and calculated point estimates along with 95% confidence intervals.ResultsAmong the 192 patients included in the study, 129 (67.18%) were male, with an average age of 61.29 ± 12.50 years. The most prevalent angiographic findings were triple vessel disease (TVD) in 77 (40.10%) cases and involvement of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) in 157 (81.77%) cases. ST-elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) was present in 134 (89.23%) cases. Diabetes mellitus was the most common risk factor, present in 122 (63.54%) patients. Complications arose in 44 (22.91%) patients, with arrhythmia occurring in 18 (40.90%) cases. The mean hospital stay was 4.42 ± 1.87 days, and 10 (5.20%) patients unfortunately passed away during their hospitalizationConclusionOur study revealed that triple vessel disease and involvement of the left anterior descending artery were the most frequent angiographic findings in patients with ACS. Additionally, diabetes mellitus emerged as the predominant modifiable risk factor, potentially contributing to the prevalence of multiple vessel involvement.