Abstract
AbstractWe report the earliest and the most abundant archaeobotanical assemblage of southwest Asian grain crops from Early Bronze Age Central Asia, recovered from the Chap II site in Kyrgyzstan. The archaeobotanical remains consist of thousands of cultivated grains dating to the mid-late 3rdmillennium BCE. The recovery of cereal chaff, which is rare in archaeobotanical samples from Central Asia, allows for the identification of some crops to species and indicates local cultivation at 2000 m.a.s.l., as crop first spread to the mountains of Central Asia. The site’s inhabitants cultivated two types of free-threshing wheats, glume wheats, and hulled and naked barleys. Highly compact morphotypes of wheat and barley grains represent a special variety of cereals adopted to highland environments. Moreover, glume wheats recovered at Chap II represent their most eastern distribution in Central Asia so far identified. Based on the presence of weed species, we argue that the past environment of Chap II was characterized by an open mountain landscape, where animal grazing likely took place, which may have been further modified by people irrigating agricultural fields. This research suggests that early farmers in the mountains of Central Asia cultivated a high diversity of southwest Asian crops during the initial eastward dispersal of agricultural technologies, which likely played a critical role in shaping montane adaptations and dynamic interaction networks between farming societies across highland and lowland cultivation zones.
Publisher
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Reference61 articles.
1. Food globalization in prehistory
2. Jones MK. Between Fertile Crescents: minor grain crops and agricultural origins. In: Jones MK , editor. Traces of ancestry: studies in honour of Colin Renfrew. Cambridge: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research; 2004. pp. 127–35.
3. Jones M , Harriet H , Kneale C , Lightfoot E , Lister D , Liu X , et al. Food globalisation in prehistory: the agrarian foundation of an interconnected continent. J Br Acad. 2016.
4. Journey to the east: wheat and barley took different pathways, and faced different environmental challenges, on the way to prehistoric China;Plos1,2017
5. From ecological opportunism to multi-cropping: Mapping food globalisation in prehistory;Quat Sci Rev,2019
Cited by
1 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献