Placental Endocan Expression in Woman With Preeclampsia and its Relation With Maternal and Fetal Outcomes: A Cross-section Study

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to determine placental endocan expression in women with preeclampsia (PE) and its relation to fetal and maternal outcomes. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at the Obstetrics Department/Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital from January 2020 to October 2020. The study included 90 pregnant inpatient women with PE. The participants were divided into 3 groups including 30 patients with severe PE, 30 non-severe PE, and 30 normotensives. After delivery, placental endocan expression was determined immunohistochemically. Results: The study showed that endocan was expressed in 44 patients’ placenta, all of them were hypertensive vs. 46 negatives for endocan (P=0.001), this expression correlated with adverse maternal outcomes including HELLP (haemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets count) syndrome (9.1%), Placental abruption (13.6%) and increase rate of CS (63.6%), as well as adverse fetal outcomes (P=0.001). included stillbirth (13.6%), birth weight <2500 g (68.2%), Apgar score in 1 min <7 (63.6%) and in 5 minutes <7 (31.8), admission to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) (31.8%), and (68.2%) delivered preterm. Conclusions: This study showed a higher expression of endocan in the placenta of women with PE, and it had a positive correlation with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes.