Depletion of high-mobility group box 2 causes seminiferous tubule atrophy via aberrant expression of androgen and estrogen receptors in mouse testis

Author:

Sugita Naohiro12,Choijookhuu Narantsog1,Yano Koichi13,Lee Deokcheol4,Ikenoue Makoto13,Fidya 1,Taniguchi Noboru5,Chosa Etsuo4,Hishikawa Yoshitaka1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Anatomy, Histochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan

2. Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan

3. Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan

4. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan

5. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan

Abstract

Abstract High-mobility group box 2, a chromatin-associated protein that interacts with deoxyribonucleic acid, is implicated in multiple biological processes, including gene transcription, replication, and repair. High-mobility group box 2 is expressed in several tissues, including the testis; however, its functional role is largely unknown. Here, we elucidated the role of high-mobility group box 2 in spermatogenesis. Paraffin-embedded testicular tissues were obtained from 8-week-old and 1-year-old wild-type and knock-out mice. Testis weight and number of seminiferous tubules were decreased, whereas atrophic tubules were increased in high-mobility group box 2-depleted mice. Immunohistochemistry revealed that atrophic tubules contained Sertoli cells, but not germ cells. Moreover, decreased cell proliferation and increased apoptosis were demonstrated in high-mobility group box 2-depleted mouse testis. To elucidate the cause of tubule atrophy, we examined the expression of androgen and estrogen receptors, and the results indicated aberrant expression of androgen receptor and estrogen receptor alpha in Sertoli and Leydig cells. Southwestern histochemistry detected decreased estrogen response element–binding sites in high-mobility group box 2-depleted mouse testis. High-mobility group box 1, which has highly similar structure and function as high-mobility group box 2, was examined by immunohistochemistry and western blotting, which indicated increased expression in testis. These findings indicate a compensatory increase in high-mobility group box 1 expression in high-mobility group box 2 knock-out mouse testis. In summary, depletion of high-mobility group box 2 induced aberrant expression of androgen receptor and estrogen receptor alpha, leading to decreased germ cell proliferation and increased apoptosis which resulted in focal seminiferous tubule atrophy.

Funder

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Cell Biology,General Medicine,Reproductive Medicine

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