Acute Pancreatitis

Abstract

AbstractAcute pancreatitis (AP), characterized by acute inflammation of the pancreas, is one of the most common causes for emergency admissions around the world. Its incidence is increasing. While the disease generally runs a mild course, in approximately 20–30% of individuals, the disease has the propensity to be severe, with an attendant risk of morbidity and mortality. Fluid resuscitation, aimed at combatting third space losses that accompany AP, is one of the key initial steps in management. While aggressive fluid resuscitation does not preclude the development of a severe course, inadequate resuscitation is more likely to contribute to a poor outcome. Similarly, the provision of adequate pain relief and maintenance of nutrition are important considerations early on in the management of AP. Thus, knowledge of AP, its causes and appropriate initial management remain important not only to surgeons, but also to emergency physicians. This chapter provides a detailed understanding of the aetiopathogenesis, diagnosis, and initial management of AP.