1. Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds , 6 Clarendon Way, Leeds LS2 9DA , UK
2. Leeds Institute of Data Analytics, University of Leeds , 6 Clarendon Way, Leeds LS2 9DA , UK
3. Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Great George Street , Leeds LS1 3EX , UK
4. Department of Pharmacoepidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Public Health, Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
5. Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M , UK
6. Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust , Great George Street, Leeds LS1 3EX , UK