Lowering cholesterol, blood pressure, or both to prevent cardiovascular events: results of 8.7 years of follow-up of Heart Outcomes Evaluation Prevention (HOPE)-3 study participants-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Lowering cholesterol, blood pressure, or both to prevent cardiovascular events: results of 8.7 years of follow-up of Heart Outcomes Evaluation Prevention (HOPE)-3 study participants

Published:2021-05-08 Issue:31 Volume:42 Page:2995-3007
ISSN:0195-668X
Container-title:European Heart Journal
language:en
Short-container-title:

Author:

Bosch Jackie¹²^ORCID,Lonn Eva M¹³^ORCID,Jung Hyejung¹,Zhu Jun⁴^ORCID,Liu Lisheng⁴,Lopez-Jaramillo Patricio⁵^ORCID,Pais Prem⁶,Xavier Denis⁶⁷,Diaz Rafael⁸,Dagenais Gilles⁹,Dans Antonio¹⁰,Avezum Alvaro¹¹^ORCID,Piegas Leopoldo S¹²^ORCID,Parkhomenko Alexander¹³,Keltai Kati¹⁴^ORCID,Keltai Matyas¹⁴,Sliwa Karen¹⁵,Held Claus¹⁶^ORCID,Peters Ronald J G¹⁷^ORCID,Lewis Basil S¹⁸^ORCID,Jansky Petr¹⁹,Yusoff Khalid²⁰²¹^ORCID,Khunti Kamlesh²²^ORCID,Toff William D²³²⁴^ORCID,Reid Christopher M²⁵²⁶^ORCID,Varigos John²⁵^ORCID,Joseph Philip¹²,Leiter Lawrence A²⁷^ORCID,Yusuf Salim¹²

Affiliation:

1. The Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, 237 Barton Street East, Hamilton, Ontario L8L 2X2, Canada

2. The School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, IAHS, Room 403, 1400 Main St. West, Hamilton, ON L8S 1C7, Canada

3. The Department of Medicine, 1200 Main St. West, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada

4. Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 9 Dongdan 3rd Alley, Dong Dan, Dongcheng, Beijing

5. Instituto Masira, Facultad de Salud, Universidad de Santander, Calle 70 No 55-210, Bucaramanga, Colombia

6. St. John’s Research Institute, 100 Feet Rd, John Nagar, Koramangala, Bangalore, Karnataka 560034, India

7. St. John’s Medical College, Sarjarpur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka 560034, India

8. Instituto Cardiovascular de Rosario, DSR, Bv. Oroño 440, S2000 Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina

9. Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, 2725 Ch Ste-Foy, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada

10. College of Medicine, University of the Philippines, Pedro Gil Street, Taft Ave, Ermita, Manila, 1000 Metro Manila, Philippines

11. Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology and Sao Paulo University, Av. Dr. Dante Pazzanese, 500 – Vila Mariana, São Paulo – SP, 04012-909, Brazil

12. HCor-Hospital do Coração, Des. Eliseu Guilherme, 147 – Paraíso, São Paulo – SP, 04004-030, Brazil

13. Institute of Cardiology, Narodnoho Opolchennya St, 5, Kiev 03680, Ukraine

14. Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary

15. Department of Medicine, Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research, University of Cape Town, Soweto Cardiovascular Research Group, 4th, 5th and 6th Floor, Chris Barnard Building Faculty of Health Sciences, Private Bag X3 7935, Cape Town, South Africa

16. The Uppsala Clinical Research Centre and Institute for Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala Academic Hospital, Dag Hammarskjölds Väg 21, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden

17. The Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands

18. Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Efron St 1, Haifa, Israel

19. University Hospital Motol, V Úvalu 84, 150 06 Praha 5, Czechia

20. Universiti Teknologi Majlis Amansh Rakyat, Jalan Ilmu 1/1, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia

21. University College Sedaya International University, UCSI Heights, 1, Jalan Puncak Menara Gading, Taman Connaught, 56000 Cheras, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

22. Leicester Diabetes Centre, Gwendolen Rd, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK

23. Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, University Rd, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK

24. UK and National Institute for Health Research, Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK

25. School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St. Kilda Rd., Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia

26. The School of Public Health, Curtin University, Kent St, Bentley Perth, WA 6102, Australia

27. Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, 209 Victoria St, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada

Abstract

Abstract Aims Rosuvastatin (10 mg per day) compared with placebo reduced major adverse cardiovascular (CV) events by 24% in 12 705 participants at intermediate CV risk after 5.6 years. There was no benefit of blood pressure (BP) lowering treatment in the overall group, but a reduction in events in the third of participants with elevated systolic BP. After cessation of all the trial medications, we examined whether the benefits observed during the active treatment phase were sustained, enhanced, or attenuated. Methods and results After the randomized treatment period (5.6 years), participants were invited to participate in 3.1 further years of observation (total 8.7 years). The first co-primary outcome for the entire length of follow-up was the composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, or CV death [major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE)-1], and the second was MACE-1 plus resuscitated cardiac arrest, heart failure, or coronary revascularization (MACE-2). In total, 9326 (78%) of 11 994 surviving Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation (HOPE)-3 subjects consented to participate in extended follow-up. During 3.1 years of post-trial observation (total follow-up of 8.7 years), participants originally randomized to rosuvastatin compared with placebo had a 20% additional reduction in MACE-1 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.64–0.99] and a 17% additional reduction in MACE-2 (95% CI 0.68–1.01). Therefore, over the 8.7 years of follow-up, there was a 21% reduction in MACE-1 (95% CI 0.69–0.90, P = 0.005) and 21% reduction in MACE-2 (95% CI 0.69–0.89, P = 0.002). There was no benefit of BP lowering in the overall study either during the active or post-trial observation period, however, a 24% reduction in MACE-1 was observed over 8.7 years. Conclusion The CV benefits of rosuvastatin, and BP lowering in those with elevated systolic BP, compared with placebo continue to accrue for at least 3 years after cessation of randomized treatment in individuals without cardiovascular disease indicating a legacy effect. Trial Registration Number NCT00468923

Funder

Canadian Institutes of Health Research

AstraZeneca

Population Health Research Institute

Hamilton Health Sciences Research Institute

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

Link

http://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/article-pdf/42/31/2995/40262342/ehab225.pdf

Reference26 articles.