The 2020 Mw 7.0 Samos (Eastern Aegean Sea) Earthquake: joint source inversion of multitype data, and tsunami modelling

Author:

Sun Yu-Sheng1ORCID,Melgar Diego1ORCID,Ruiz-Angulo Angel2,Ganas Athanassios3,Taymaz Tuncay4ORCID,Crowell Brendan5,Xu Xiaohua67,Tsironi Varvara3,Karasante Ilektra3,Yolsal-Çevikbilen Seda4,Erman Ceyhun4,Irmak Tahir Serkan8,Çubuk-Sabuncu Yeşim9,Eken Tuna4

Affiliation:

1. Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oregon , Eugene, OR 97403 , USA

2. Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland , 102 Reykjavik , Iceland

3. National Observatory of Athens, Institute of Geodynamics , Lofos Nymfon, Thission, 11810 Athens , Greece

4. Department of Geophysical Engineering, The Faculty of Mines, Istanbul Technical University , Maslak 34467, Sarıyer, Istanbul , Türkiye

5. Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington , Seattle, WA 98195 , USA

6. School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230026 , P.R. China

7. Institute for Geophysics, University of Texas at Austin , Austin, TX 78758 , USA

8. Department of Geophysical Engineering, Kocaeli University , 41001 Izmit, Kocaeli , Türkiye

9. Icelandic Meteorological Office , 105 Reykjavík , Iceland

Abstract

SUMMARY We present a kinematic slip model and a simulation of the ensuing tsunami for the 2020 Mw 7.0 Néon Karlovásion (Samos, Eastern Aegean Sea) earthquake, generated from a joint inversion of high-rate GNSS, strong ground motion and InSAR data. From the inversion, we find that the source time function has a total duration of ∼20 s with three peaks at ∼4, 7.5 and 15 s corresponding to the development of three asperities. Most of the slip occurs at the west of the hypocentre and ends at the northwest downdip edge. The peak slip is ∼3.3 m, and the inverted rake angles indicate predominantly normal faulting motion. Compared with previous studies, these slip patterns have essentially similar asperity location, rupture dimension and anticorrelation with aftershocks. Consistent with our study, most published papers show the source duration of ∼20 s with three episodes of increased moment releases. For the ensuing tsunami, the eight available gauge records indicate that the tsunami waves last ∼18–30 hr depending on location, and the response period of tsunami is ∼10–35 min. The initial waves in the observed records and synthetic simulations show good agreement, which indirectly validates the performance of the inverted slip model. However, the synthetic waveforms struggle to generate long-duration tsunami behaviour in simulations. Our tests suggest that the resolution of the bathymetry may be a potential factor affecting the simulated tsunami duration and amplitude. It should be noted that the maximum wave height in the records may occur after the decay of synthetic wave amplitudes. This implies that the inability to model long-duration tsunamis could result in underestimation in future tsunami hazard assessments.

Funder

NASA

Istanbul Technical University

Alexander von Humboldt Foundation

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

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