1. Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit,
2. School of Social and Community Medicine, Barley House,
3. UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies,
4. School of Social and Community Medicine, Canynge Hall, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK,
5. National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West (NIHR CLAHRC West) at University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK and
6. Department of Economics, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK