Post-COVID-19 patients in geriatric rehabilitation substantially recover in daily functioning and quality of life
Author:
van Tol Lisa S123ORCID, Haaksma Miriam L123, Cesari Matteo4, Dockery Frances5, Everink Irma H J6, Francis Bahaa N789, Gordon Adam L1011, Grund Stefan1213, Matchekhina Luba14, Bazan Laura Monica Perez15, Schols Jos M G A6, Topinková Eva161718, Vassallo Mark A19, Caljouw Monique A A123ORCID, Achterberg Wilco P123ORCID, , Topinková Eva, Bautzká Lucie, Michaálková Helena, Grund Stefan, Mross Thomas, Feesche Lotte, Leonhardt Rebekka, Becker Clemens, Gerhardus Jan, Metz Brigitte R, Franke-Chowdhury Diana, Galvin Rose, McCarthy Aoife, Dockery Frances, McLoughlin Kara, Francis Bahaa, Cesari Matteo, Valentini Annalisa, Vassallo Mark, Bonnici Maria, Tkacheva Olga Nikolaevna, Eruslanova Ksenia, Matchekhina Luba, Perez Bazan Laura Monica, Fanlo Esther Roquer, Guiteras Anna Renom, Canchucaja Lizzeth Angela, Pallardo Beatriz, Zujeros Sergio Martínez, Viñuela Margarita, Miralles Resina Oriol, Dominguez Gema Isabel, Bragado Sarah Caro, Stasi Nadia, Cepeda Jennifer Garrillo, Arroyo-Huidobro Marta, Gonzalez Ana, Achterberg Wilco, Caljouw Monique, Haaksma Miriam, van Tol Lisa, Drijver Saskia, Vonk Paula, Sikken Liesbeth, Baars Irma, Deden Nathalie, Nijgh Gerda, van der Drift Sylvia, de Wever Heike, Calle Els, Karramass Kaoutar, Hendriks Josette, Ebbes Lauren, Hartman Anne, Koc Hatice, de Vries Laura, Bouwstra Hylco, Langendoen-Wigman Laura, Oldenbeuving Berber, Noordam-Hemeltjen Sabine, Lanting Liesbeth, Andela Lulu, Meerkerk Mathilde, Willemstein Lianne, Krasznai Krisztina, Wolting Janneke, Tazmi Janette, Keustermans Eveline, de Vries Janetta, van Weers Sanne, Boogaard Lenni, Been Simone, Termeer Danielle, te Pas Patricia, Lodewijks Eva, van den Berg Jeroen, Prent Sandra, Boontje Marloes, Harms Joël, Bakker Jeffrey, de Croon Carolien, van Schieveen Christa, Smit Ewout, van Berlo Patricia, Ruchtie Dionne, Manson Jane, Espasandin Maria, Abbott Lucy, Chadwick Sarah, Watts Rebecca, Dani Melani, McNicholas Jackie, Gordon Adam, Chau Vincent
Affiliation:
1. Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , The Netherlands 2. Center for Medicine for Older People, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , The Netherlands 3. University Network for the Care sector South-Holland, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , The Netherlands 4. IRCCS Istituti Clinici Maugeri, University of Milan , Milan , Italy 5. Beaumont Hospital & Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland , Dublin , Ireland 6. Department of Health Services Research, Maastricht University , Maastricht , The Netherlands 7. Fliman Geriatric Rehabilitation Hospital , Zalman Shneur Street, Haifa, 31021 , Israel 8. Geriatric Division , Holy Family Hospital, , Safad , Israel 9. Bar Ilan University , Holy Family Hospital, , Safad , Israel 10. Academic Unit of Injury , Recovery and Inflammation Sciences (IRIS), School of Medicine, , Medical School, Nottingham, NG7 2UH , UK 11. University of Nottingham , Recovery and Inflammation Sciences (IRIS), School of Medicine, , Medical School, Nottingham, NG7 2UH , UK 12. Center for Geriatric Medicine , Agaplesion Bethanien Hospital Heidelberg, , Heidelberg , Germany 13. Geriatric Center at the Heidelberg University , Agaplesion Bethanien Hospital Heidelberg, , Heidelberg , Germany 14. Russian Gerontology Research and Clinical Centre, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University , Moscow , Russia 15. RE-FiT Barcelona Research Group, Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili Hospital and Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR) , Barcelona , Spain 16. Department of Geriatrics , First Faculty of Medicine, , Prague , Czech Republic 17. Charles University and General Faculty Hospital , First Faculty of Medicine, , Prague , Czech Republic 18. Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of South Bohemia , Ceske Budejovice , Czech Republic 19. Karin Grech Hospital , Pieta , Malta
Abstract
Abstract
Background
After an acute infection, older persons may benefit from geriatric rehabilitation (GR).
Objectives
This study describes the recovery trajectories of post-COVID-19 patients undergoing GR and explores whether frailty is associated with recovery.
Design
Multicentre prospective cohort study.
Setting
59 GR facilities in 10 European countries.
Participants
Post-COVID-19 patients admitted to GR between October 2020 and October 2021.
Methods
Patients’ characteristics, daily functioning (Barthel index; BI), quality of life (QoL; EQ-5D-5L) and frailty (Clinical Frailty Scale; CFS) were collected at admission, discharge, 6 weeks and 6 months after discharge. We used linear mixed models to examine the trajectories of daily functioning and QoL.
Results
723 participants were included with a mean age of 75 (SD: 9.91) years. Most participants were pre-frail to frail (median [interquartile range] CFS 6.0 [5.0–7.0]) at admission. After admission, the BI first steeply increased from 11.31 with 2.51 (SE 0.15, P < 0.001) points per month and stabilised around 17.0 (quadratic slope: −0.26, SE 0.02, P < 0.001). Similarly, EQ-5D-5L first steeply increased from 0.569 with 0.126 points per month (SE 0.008, P < 0.001) and stabilised around 0.8 (quadratic slope: −0.014, SE 0.001, P < 0.001). Functional recovery rates were independent of frailty level at admission. QoL was lower at admission for frailer participants, but increased faster, stabilising at almost equal QoL values for frail, pre-frail and fit patients.
Conclusions
Post-COVID-19 patients admitted to GR showed substantial recovery in daily functioning and QoL. Frailty at GR admission was not associated with recovery and should not be a reason to exclude patients from GR.
Funder
Leiden University Fund Zorg Onderzoek Nederland en Medische Wetenschappen University Network of the Care sector South-Holland UK National Institute of Health Research Academic Research Collaboration-East Midlands
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Cited by
2 articles.
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