Challenges faced by public sector community pharmacists in interior cities of Brazil during the early phase of COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study

Abstract

Abstract Objectives This study explored the experiences and perceptions of public sector pharmacists in primary healthcare during the early phase of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in nine small and medium-sized cities in the interior state of Paraná, Brazil. Methods Fourteen individual semi-structured online interviews were conducted using Google Meet®. Employing convenience sampling followed by “snowball” recruitment, audio-recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematically analyzed through an inductive approach. Key findings Four major themes and two subthemes emerged: (i) workplace and service changes, (i.a) use of social media and remote communication; (ii) working conditions, (ii.b) supply and use of personal protective equipment; (iii) irrational use of medicines against COVID-19; and (iv) mental health. Conclusion Pharmacists reported a lack of preparation, centralization, and coordination, leading to overwhelming workloads and stress. However, they demonstrated resilience in delivering care and promoting rational medicine use. This study offers valuable insights into supporting stakeholders in managing abrupt changes in primary healthcare delivery.