Constraining merging galaxy clusters with X-ray and lensing simulations and observations: the case of Abell 2146

Author:

Chadayammuri Urmila12,ZuHone John1,Nulsen Paul1,Nagai Daisuke23ORCID,Felix Sharon4,Andrade-Santos Felipe1,King Lindsay4,Russell Helen5

Affiliation:

1. Chandra X-ray Centre, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02143, USA

2. Department of Astronomy, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA

3. Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA

4. Department of Physics, University of Texas – Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA

5. School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK

Abstract

ABSTRACT Galaxy cluster mergers are a powerful laboratory for testing cosmological and astrophysical models. However, interpreting individual merging clusters depends crucially on their merger configuration, defined by the masses, velocities, impact parameters, and orientation of the merger axis with respect to the plane of the sky. In this work, we investigate the impact of merger parameters on the X-ray emitting intracluster medium and gravitational lensing maps using a suite of idealized simulations of binary cluster mergers performed using the gamer-2 code. As a test case, we focus on modelling the Bullet Cluster-like merging system Abell 2146, in which deep Chandra X-ray and lensing observations revealed prominent merger shocks as well as the mass distribution and substructures associated with this merging cluster. We identify the most interesting parameter combinations, and evaluate the effects of various parameters on the properties of merger shocks observed by deep Chandra and lensing observations. We show that due to gravitational compression of the cluster haloes during the merger, previous mass estimates from weak lensing are too high. The plane of the merger is tilted further from the plane of the sky than estimated previously, up to 30° from the plane of the sky. We discuss the applicability of our results to multiwavelength observations of merging galaxy clusters and their use as probes of cosmology and plasma physics.

Funder

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Space and Planetary Science,Astronomy and Astrophysics

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