The convergence of robotics technology with the science of artificial intelligence is rapidly enabling the development of robots that emulate a wide range of intelligent human behaviors. Recent advances in machine learning techniques have produced artificial agents that can acquire highly complex skills formerly thought to be the exclusive province of human intelligence. These developments raise a host of new ethical concerns about the responsible design, manufacture, and use of robots enabled with artificial intelligence—particularly those equipped with self-learning capacities. While the potential benefits of self-learning robots are immense, their potential dangers are equally serious. While some warn of a future where AI escapes the control of its human creators or even turns against us, this chapter focuses on other, far less cinematic risks of AI that are much nearer to hand, requiring immediate study and action by technologists, lawmakers, and other stakeholders.