Cellular Chemism

Abstract

AbstractIn this chapter, we focus on the components and processes that occur in the cell, the cellular chemism. By examining the cell, we are dealing with the components and processes of living things in general. The identification of the cell with the fundamental unit of living things has required both philosophical clarifications and some scientific considerations, starting from the determination of what a living being is. More specifically, we analyze the internal state of the cell and the relationship of the cell with the environment, its ability to “know” it and react to it. We then consider the “code” within the cell and all the processes connected to it. Next we discuss two classes of chemical reactions in cells, molecular and macromolecular, and their grouping in pathways, which are often cyclical. In the case of macromolecular reactions, we also consider how they can occur in enzymatic action. Finally, we examine the energy metabolism of the cell and reveal that it is not distinct from cell chemism.