1. Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University (OSU), Corvallis, Oregon, United States
2. William J. Ripple and Christopher Wolf are contributed equally to the work
3. Department of Crop and Soil Science , OSU
4. Bezos Earth Fund , Brookline, Massachusetts, United States
5. Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research , Potsdam, Germany
6. School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
7. Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society , OSU
8. International Centre for Climate Change and Development, Independent University Bangladesh , Dhaka, Bangladesh
9. Centre for the Study of Existential Risk, University of Cambridge , Cambridge, England, United Kingdom
10. Joint Institute for Regional Earth System Science and Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, California, United States
11. Global Systems Institute, University of Exeter , Exeter, England, United Kingdom