Northwest Atlantic mackerel population structure evaluated using otolith δ18O composition

Abstract

Abstract The Northwest Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) population is comprised of northern and southern contingents, each with distinct natal regions in the United States and Canada. We tested hypotheses on natal origin and contingent mixing by analysing natal otolith δ18O values, evaluating the approach through an out-group comparison with the Northeast Atlantic population. Otolith δ18O values varied according to expectations between the Northeast (higher) and the Northwest (lower) Atlantic basins, and between contingents within the Northwest Atlantic stock, although contingent differences varied between years. Most adults (age-3+ years) sampled from US waters (1999–2003) represented the northern contingent (Canadian spawning site). The confirmation of the seasonal mixing of older and larger fish between the two contingents provides support and justification for the development of bi-national (United States–Canada) assessment and management of Northwest Atlantic mackerel.