Transmission-blocking Effects of Primaquine and Methylene Blue Suggest Plasmodium falciparum Gametocyte Sterilization Rather Than Effects on Sex Ratio

Author:

Bradley John1,Soumaré Harouna M2,Mahamar Almahamoudou2,Diawara Halimatou2,Roh Michelle3,Delves Michael4,Drakeley Chris4,Churcher Thomas S5,Dicko Alassane2,Gosling Roly3,Bousema Teun46ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Medical Research Council (MRC) Tropical Epidemiology Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom

2. Malaria Research and Training Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Science, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Mali

3. Global Health Group, Malaria Elimination Initiative, University of California, San Francisco

4. Department of Immunology and Infection, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom

5. MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Imperial College London, United Kingdom

6. Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

Abstract

Abstract Gametocyte density and sex ratio can predict the proportion of mosquitoes that will become infected after feeding on blood of patients receiving nongametocytocidal drugs. Because primaquine and methylene blue sterilize gametocytes before affecting their density and sex ratio, mosquito feeding experiments are required to demonstrate their early transmission-blocking effects.

Funder

Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation

European Research Council

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Infectious Diseases,Microbiology (medical)

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