Oral health-related quality of life in orthodontics: a cross-sectional multicentre study on patients in orthodontic treatment

Author:

Paes da Silva Susie1,Pitchika Vinay2,Baumert Uwe1,Wehrbein Heinrich3,Schwestka-Polly Rainer4,Drescher Dieter5,Kühnisch Jan2,Wichelhaus Andrea1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany

2. Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany

3. Department of Orthodontics, Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany

4. Department of Orthodontics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany

5. Department of Orthodontics, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany

Abstract

Summary Objective This study aimed to assess oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in relation to associated covariates in orthodontic patients of different age groups (children, adolescents, and adults) in a cross-sectional study. Methods A total of 898 subjects (50.6% females, 49.4% males; mean age 16.89 years) undergoing orthodontic treatment anonymously completed the German version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-G14) to assess OHRQoL in addition to completing 23 other items. Descriptive, exploratory statistical analysis and multiple linear regression modelling were performed. Results The mean score of the OHIP-G14 was 8.3 for the 6- to 11-year olds, 8.9 for the 12- to 17-year olds, and 12.6 for adults. Physical pain (Subscale 2) was the highest factor in all groups. Additionally, a relevant factor was Subscale 3 (psychological discomfort). A linear regression model showed that, in the adolescent group, aesthetics in combination with pain had a significant negative influence on OHRQoL, whereas, in the adult group, function in combination with pain showed the same significant negative influence. Second, except for the children, fixed appliances had a significant negative effect on OHRQoL compared to removable appliances. Conclusions Our study showed that the majority of the 6- to 11-year olds and 12- to 17-year olds reported a good OHRQoL. Nevertheless, adolescents and adults who reported aesthetic/pain and function/pain problems, respectively, as reasons for orthodontic treatment showed a significant occurrence for reduced OHRQoL. Fixed appliances, in comparison with removable appliances, also resulted in a significant reduction in OHRQoL for both groups.

Funder

National Council for Scientific and Technological Development

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Orthodontics

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