Efficient spatial-spectral computation of local planar gravimetric terrain corrections from high-resolution digital elevation models

Abstract

SUMMARY Computation of gravimetric terrain corrections (TCs) is a numerical challenge, especially when using very high-resolution (say, ∼30 m or less) digital elevation models (DEMs). TC computations can use spatial or/and spectral techniques: Spatial domain methods are more exact but can be very time-consuming; the discrete/fast Fourier transform (D/FFT) implementation of a binomial expansion is efficient, but fails to achieve a convergent solution for terrain slopes >45°. We show that this condition must be satisfied for each and every computation-roving point pair in the whole integration domain, not just at or near the computation points. A combination of spatial and spectral methods has been advocated by some through dividing the integration domain into inner and outer zones, where the TC is computed from the superposition of analytical mass-prism integration and the D/FFT. However, there remain two unresolved issues with this combined approach: (1) deciding upon a radius that best separates the inner and outer zones and (2) analytical mass-prism integration in the inner zone remains time-consuming, particularly for high-resolution DEMs. This paper provides a solution by proposing: (1) three methods to define the radius separating the inner and outer zones and (2) a numerical solution for near-zone TC computations based on the trapezoidal and Simpson's rules that is sufficiently accurate w.r.t. the exact analytical solution, but which can reduce the computation time by almost 50 per cent.