Sleep duration, sleep problems, and perceived stress are associated with hippocampal subfield volumes in later life: findings from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing

Abstract

Abstract Study Objectives This study examines the cross-sectional and 2-year follow-up relationships between sleep and stress and total hippocampal volume and hippocampal subfield volumes among older adults. Methods Four hundred seventeen adults (aged 68.8 ± 7.3; 54% women) from the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing completed an interview, a questionnaire, and multiparametric brain magnetic resonance imaging. The relationships between self-reported sleep duration, sleep problems, perceived stress, and total hippocampal volume were examined by using ordinary least squares regressions. Linear mixed-effects models were used to investigate the relationships between sleep duration, sleep problems, perceived stress, changes in these measures over 2-years, and hippocampal subfield volumes. Results No cross-sectional and follow-up associations between sleep and total hippocampal volume and between stress and total hippocampal volume were found. By contrast, Long sleep (≥9–10 h/night) was associated with smaller volumes of molecular layer, hippocampal tail, presubiculum, and subiculum. The co-occurrence of Short sleep (≤6 h) and perceived stress was associated with smaller cornu ammonis 1, molecular layer, subiculum, and tail. Sleep problems independently and in conjunction with higher stress, and increase in sleep problems over 2 years were associated with smaller volumes of these same subfields. Conclusion Our study highlights the importance of concurrently assessing suboptimal sleep and stress for phenotyping individuals at risk of hippocampal subfield atrophy.