1. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modelling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
2. Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
3. Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing 100012, China
4. Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, University Research Court, College Park, MD 20742, USA
5. Center for Global Sustainability, School of Public Policy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
6. State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
7. Institute of Environment and Ecology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
8. State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather & Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China