Effect of health information technology (HIT)-based discharge transition interventions on patient readmissions and emergency room visits: a systematic review

Author:

Abraham Joanna12ORCID,Meng Alicia1,Tripathy Sanjna1,Kitsiou Spyros3,Kannampallil Thomas12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA

2. Institute for Informatics, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA

3. Department of Biomedical and Health Information Sciences, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA

Abstract

Abstract Objective To systematically synthesize and appraise the evidence on the effectiveness of health information technology (HIT)-based discharge care transition interventions (CTIs) on readmissions and emergency room visits. Materials and Methods We conducted a systematic search on multiple databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, and CENTRAL) on June 29, 2020, targeting readmissions and emergency room visits. Prospective studies evaluating HIT-based CTIs published as original research articles in English language peer-reviewed journals were eligible for inclusion. Outcomes were pooled for narrative analysis. Results Eleven studies were included for review. Most studies (n = 6) were non-RCTs. Several studies (n = 9) assessed bridging interventions comprised of at least 1 pre- and 1 post-discharge component. The narrative analysis found improvements in patient experience and perceptions of discharge care. Discussion Given the statistical and clinical heterogeneity among studies, we could not ascertain the cumulative effect of CTIs on clinical outcomes. Nevertheless, we found gaps in current research and its implications for future work, including the need for a HIT-based care transition model for guiding theory-driven design and evaluation of HIT-based discharge CTIs. Conclusions We appraised and aggregated empirical evidence on the cumulative effectiveness of HIT-based interventions to support discharge transitions from hospital to home, and we highlighted the implications for evidence-based practice and informatics research.

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Health Informatics

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