A Model of Care to Improve Survival of Older Trauma Patients: Geriatrics Comanagement

Abstract

Abstract Background Trauma patients older than 80 years of age have higher mortality rates compared to younger peers. No studies have investigated the effectiveness of geriatrics comanagement on mortality in general trauma. Methods A retrospective cohort study from 2015 to 2016 comparing overall and inpatient mortality in a geriatrics trauma comanagement (GTC) program versus usual care (UC). Demographic and outcome measures were obtained from the trauma registry at an 11-bed trauma critical care unit within a 719-bed Level 1 Trauma Center. One thousand five hundred and seventy two patients, 80 years and older, with an admitting trauma diagnosis were evaluated. Primary outcome was in-hospital mortality and overall mortality (defined as inpatient death or discharge to hospice). Secondary outcomes included hospital length of stay (LOS), Intensive Care Unit (ICU) LOS, discharge location, and medical complications. Results Three hundred and forty six patients (22%) were placed in the GTC program. Overall mortality was lower in the GTC (4.9%) when compared with UC (11.9%), representing a 57% reduction (95% odds ratio [OR] confidence interval [CI] 0.24–0.75, p value = .0028). There was a 7.42% hospital mortality rate in the UC group compared to 2.6% in the GTC group (95% CI 0.21–0.92, p value = .0285), representing a 56% decrease in in-hospital mortality. GTC patients had a longer mean LOS (6.4 days vs 5.3 days, p value < .0001). More GTC patients were sent to inpatient rehabilitation facilities or skilled nursing facilities (80% vs 60%, p value < .0001). Conclusion Geriatrics trauma comanagement of trauma patients above the age of 80 may reduce mortality and deserves formal study.