1. Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine/Research Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts
2. Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
3. VA Connecticut Healthcare System, Pain Research, Informatics, Multimorbidities, and Education (PRIME) Health Services Research and Development Center of Innovation, West Haven, Connecticut
4. Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA