A monthly surface <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> product for the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem
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Published:2022-04-29
Issue:4
Volume:14
Page:2081-2108
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ISSN:1866-3516
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Container-title:Earth System Science Data
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Earth Syst. Sci. Data
Author:
Sharp Jonathan D.ORCID, Fassbender Andrea J.ORCID, Carter Brendan R.ORCID, Lavin Paige D.ORCID, Sutton Adrienne J.ORCID
Abstract
Abstract. A common strategy for calculating the direction and rate
of carbon dioxide gas (CO2) exchange between the ocean and atmosphere
relies on knowledge of the partial pressure of CO2 in surface seawater
(pCO2(sw)), a quantity that is frequently observed by autonomous sensors
on ships and moored buoys, albeit with significant spatial and temporal
gaps. Here we present a monthly gridded data product of pCO2(sw) at
0.25∘ latitude by 0.25∘ longitude resolution in the
northeastern Pacific Ocean, centered on the California Current System (CCS) and
spanning all months from January 1998 to December 2020. The data product
(RFR-CCS; Sharp et al., 2022; https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5523389) was created using observations
from the most recent (2021) version of the Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas
(Bakker et al., 2016). These observations were fit against a variety of
collocated and contemporaneous satellite- and model-derived surface
variables using a random forest regression (RFR) model. We validate RFR-CCS
in multiple ways, including direct comparisons with observations from
sensors on moored buoys, and find that the data product effectively captures
seasonal pCO2(sw) cycles at nearshore sites. This result is notable
because global gridded pCO2(sw) products do not capture local
variability effectively in this region, suggesting that RFR-CCS is a better
option than regional extractions from global products to represent
pCO2(sw) in the CCS over the last 2 decades. Lessons learned from the
construction of RFR-CCS provide insight into how global pCO2(sw)
products could effectively characterize seasonal variability in nearshore
coastal environments. We briefly review the physical and biological
processes – acting across a variety of spatial and temporal scales –
that are responsible for the latitudinal and nearshore-to-offshore
pCO2(sw) gradients seen in the RFR-CCS reconstruction of
pCO2(sw). RFR-CCS will be valuable for the validation of high-resolution
models, the attribution of spatiotemporal carbonate system variability to
physical and biological drivers, and the quantification of multiyear trends
and interannual variability of ocean acidification.
Funder
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
Subject
General Earth and Planetary Sciences
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