Abstract
Abstract. The distribution of ice, liquid, and mixed phase clouds is important for
Earth's planetary radiation budget, impacting cloud optical properties,
evolution, and solar reflectivity. Most remote orbital thermodynamic phase
measurements observe kilometer scales and are insensitive to mixed phases.
This under-constrains important processes with outsize radiative forcing
impact, such as spatial partitioning in mixed phase clouds. To date, the fine
spatial structure of cloud phase has not been measured at global scales.
Imaging spectroscopy of reflected solar energy from 1.4 to 1.8 µm
can address this gap: it directly measures ice and water absorption, a robust
indicator of cloud top thermodynamic phase, with spatial resolution of tens
to hundreds of meters. We report the first such global high spatial
resolution survey based on data from 2005 to 2015 acquired by the Hyperion
imaging spectrometer onboard NASA's Earth Observer 1 (EO-1) spacecraft.
Seasonal and latitudinal distributions corroborate observations by the
Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS). For extratropical cloud systems, just
25 % of variance observed at GCM grid scales of 100 km was related to
irreducible measurement error, while 75 % was explained by spatial
correlations possible at finer resolutions.
Cited by
13 articles.
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