Daedalus: a low-flying spacecraft for in situ exploration of the lower thermosphere–ionosphere
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Published:2020-04-22
Issue:1
Volume:9
Page:153-191
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ISSN:2193-0864
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Container-title:Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst.
Author:
Sarris Theodoros E., Talaat Elsayed R., Palmroth MinnaORCID, Dandouras IannisORCID, Armandillo Errico, Kervalishvili GuramORCID, Buchert StephanORCID, Tourgaidis Stylianos, Malaspina David M., Jaynes Allison N.ORCID, Paschalidis Nikolaos, Sample JohnORCID, Halekas Jasper, Doornbos EelcoORCID, Lappas Vaios, Moretto Jørgensen ThereseORCID, Stolle ClaudiaORCID, Clilverd Mark, Wu QianORCID, Sandberg Ingmar, Pirnaris Panagiotis, Aikio AnitaORCID
Abstract
Abstract. The Daedalus mission has been proposed to the European Space
Agency (ESA) in response to the call for ideas for the Earth Observation
program's 10th Earth Explorer. It was selected in 2018 as one of
three candidates for a phase-0 feasibility study. The goal of the mission is
to quantify the key electrodynamic processes that determine the structure
and composition of the upper atmosphere, the gateway between the Earth's
atmosphere and space. An innovative preliminary mission design allows
Daedalus to access electrodynamics processes down to altitudes of 150 km and
below. Daedalus will perform in situ measurements of plasma density and
temperature, ion drift, neutral density and wind, ion and neutral
composition, electric and magnetic fields, and precipitating particles. These
measurements will unambiguously quantify the amount of energy deposited in
the upper atmosphere during active and quiet geomagnetic times via Joule
heating and energetic particle precipitation, estimates of which currently
vary by orders of magnitude between models and observation methods. An
innovation of the Daedalus preliminary mission concept is that it includes
the release of subsatellites at low altitudes: combined with the main
spacecraft, these subsatellites will provide multipoint measurements
throughout the lower thermosphere–ionosphere (LTI) region, down to altitudes
below 120 km, in the heart of the most under-explored region in the Earth's
atmosphere. This paper describes Daedalus as originally proposed to the ESA.
Funder
Academy of Finland
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
Subject
Atmospheric Science,Geology,Oceanography
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