Methodology for high-quality mobile measurement with focus on black carbon and particle mass concentrations
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Published:2019-09-03
Issue:9
Volume:12
Page:4697-4712
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ISSN:1867-8548
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Container-title:Atmospheric Measurement Techniques
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Atmos. Meas. Tech.
Author:
Alas Honey Dawn C.,Weinhold Kay,Costabile Francesca,Di Ianni Antonio,Müller Thomas,Pfeifer Sascha,Di Liberto Luca,Turner Jay R.,Wiedensohler Alfred
Abstract
Abstract. Measurements of air pollutants such as black carbon (BC)
and particle mass concentration in general, using mobile platforms equipped
with high-time-resolution instruments, have gained popularity over the last
decade due to their wide range of applicability. Assuring the quality of
mobile measurement, data have become more essential, particularly when the
personal exposure to pollutants is related to their spatial distribution. In the following, we suggest a methodology to achieve data from mobile
measurements of equivalent black carbon (eBC) and PM2.5 mass
concentrations with high data quality. Besides frequent routine quality
assurance measures of the instruments, the methodology includes the
following steps: (a) measures to ensure the quality of mobile instruments
through repeated collocated measurements using identical instrumentation, (b) inclusion of a fixed station along the route containing quality-assured
reference instruments, and (c) sufficiently long and frequent intercomparisons
between the mobile and reference instruments to correct the particle number
and mass size distributions obtained from mobile measurements. The
application of the methodology can provide the following results. First,
collocated mobile measurements with sets of identical instruments allow
identification of undetected malfunctions of the instruments. Second,
frequent intercomparisons against the reference instruments will ensure the
quality of the mobile measurement data of the eBC mass concentration. Third,
the intercomparison data between the mobile optical particle size
spectrometer (OPSS) and a reference mobility particle size spectrometer
(MPSS) allow for the adjustment of the OPSS particle number size
distribution using physically meaningful corrections. Matching the OPSS and
MPSS volume particle size distributions is crucial for the determination of
PM2.5 mass concentration. Using size-resolved complex refractive
indices and time-resolved fine-mode volume correction factors of the fine-particle range, the calculated PM2.5 from the OPSS was within 5 % of
the reference instruments (MPSS+APSS). However, due to the nonsphericity
and an unknown imaginary part of the complex refractive index of
supermicrometer particles, a conversion to a volume equivalent diameter
yields high uncertainties of the particle mass concentration greater than
PM2.5. The proposed methodology addresses issues regarding the quality
of mobile measurements, especially for health impact studies, validation of
modeled spatial distribution, and development of air pollution mitigation
strategies.
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
Subject
Atmospheric Science
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