Validation of Aeolus winds using ground-based radars in Antarctica and in northern Sweden
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Published:2021-08-06
Issue:8
Volume:14
Page:5415-5428
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ISSN:1867-8548
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Container-title:Atmospheric Measurement Techniques
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Atmos. Meas. Tech.
Author:
Belova Evgenia, Kirkwood Sheila, Voelger Peter, Chatterjee Sourav, Satheesan KarathazhiyathORCID, Hagelin SusannaORCID, Lindskog Magnus, Körnich HeinerORCID
Abstract
Abstract. Winds measured by lidar from the Aeolus satellite are
compared with winds measured by two ground-based radars – MARA in Antarctica
(70.77∘ S, 11.73∘ E) and ESRAD (67.88∘ N,
21.10∘ E) in Arctic Sweden – for the period 1 July–31 December
2019. Aeolus is a demonstrator mission to test whether winds measured by
Doppler lidar from space can have sufficient accuracy to contribute to
improved weather forecasting. A comprehensive programme of calibration and
validation has been undertaken following the satellite launch in 2018, but,
so far, direct comparison with independent measurements from the Arctic or
Antarctic regions have not been made. The comparison covers heights from the
low troposphere to just above the tropopause. Results for each radar site
are presented separately for Rayleigh (clear) winds, Mie (cloudy) winds,
sunlit (“summer”) and non-sunlit (“winter”) seasons, and ascending and descending satellite tracks. Horizontally projected line-of-sight (HLOS) winds from
Aeolus, reprocessed using baseline 2B10, for passes within 100 km of the
radar sites, are compared with HLOS winds calculated from 1 h averaged
radar horizontal wind components. The agreement in most data subsets is very
good, with no evidence of significant biases (<1 m s−1).
Possible biases are identified for two subsets (about −2 m s−1 for
the Rayleigh winds for the descending passes at MARA and about 2 m s−1 for the Mie winds for the ascending passes at ESRAD, both in winter), but these are only marginally significant. A robust
significant bias of about 7 m s−1 is found for the Mie winds for the ascending tracks at MARA in summer. There is also some evidence for increased
random error (by about 1 m s−1) for the Aeolus Mie winds at MARA in
summer compared to winter. This might be related to the presence of sunlight
scatter over the whole of Antarctica as Aeolus transits across it during
summer.
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
Subject
Atmospheric Science
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