Long-term lidar observations of the gravity wave activity near the mesopause at Arecibo
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Published:2019-03-12
Issue:5
Volume:19
Page:3207-3221
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ISSN:1680-7324
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Container-title:Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Atmos. Chem. Phys.
Author:
Yue XianchangORCID, Friedman Jonathan S., Zhou Qihou, Wu Xiongbin, Lautenbach Jens
Abstract
Abstract. Using 11-year-long K Doppler lidar observations of temperature
profiles in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) between 85 and
100 km, conducted at the Arecibo Observatory, Puerto Rico
(18.35∘ N, 66.75∘ W), seasonal
variations of mean temperature, the squared Brunt–Väisälä
frequency, N2, and the gravity wave potential energy (GWPE) are estimated in a composite
year. The following unique features are obtained. (1) The mean temperature
structure shows similar characteristics to an earlier report based on a smaller
dataset. (2) Temperature inversion layers (TILs) occur at 94–96 km in
spring, at ∼92 km in summer, and at ∼91 km in early autumn.
(3) The first complete range-resolved climatology of GWPE derived from temperature data in the tropical MLT exhibits an
altitude-dependent combination of annual oscillation (AO) and semiannual
oscillation (SAO). The maximum occurs in spring and the minimum in summer, and a
second maximum is in autumn and a second minimum in winter. (4) The GWPE per
unit volume reduces below ∼97 km altitude in all seasons. The
reduction of GWPE is significant at and below the TILs but becomes faint
above; this provides strong support for the mechanism that the formation of
upper mesospheric TILs is mainly due to the reduction of GWPE. The climatology
of GWPE shows an indeed pronounced altitudinal and temporal correlation with
the wind field in the tropical mesopause region published in the literature.
This suggests the GW activity in the tropical mesopause region should be
manifested mainly by the filtering effect of the critical level of the local
background wind and the energy conversion due to local dynamical instability.
Funder
National Natural Science Foundation of China National Science Foundation
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
Subject
Atmospheric Science
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