Opinion: The strength of long-term comprehensive observations to meet multiple grand challenges in different environments and in the atmosphere-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Opinion: The strength of long-term comprehensive observations to meet multiple grand challenges in different environments and in the atmosphere

Published:2023-12-05 Issue:23 Volume:23 Page:14949-14971
ISSN:1680-7324
Container-title:Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
language:en
Short-container-title:Atmos. Chem. Phys.

Author:

Kulmala Markku^ORCID,Lintunen Anna,Lappalainen Hanna^ORCID,Virtanen Annele,Yan Chao^ORCID,Ezhova Ekaterina^ORCID,Nieminen Tuomo^ORCID,Riipinen Ilona,Makkonen Risto,Tamminen Johanna^ORCID,Sundström Anu-Maija^ORCID,Arola Antti^ORCID,Hansel Armin^ORCID,Lehtinen Kari,Vesala Timo,Petäjä Tuukka^ORCID,Bäck Jaana^ORCID,Kokkonen Tom^ORCID,Kerminen Veli-Matti^ORCID

Abstract

Abstract. To be able to meet global grand challenges (climate change; biodiversity loss; environmental pollution; scarcity of water, food and energy supplies; acidification; deforestation; chemicalization; pandemics), which all are closely interlinked with each other, we need comprehensive open data with proper metadata, along with open science. The large data sets from ground-based in situ observations, ground and satellite remote sensing, and multiscale modeling need to be utilized seamlessly. In this opinion paper, we demonstrate the power of the SMEAR (Station for Measuring Earth surface–Atmosphere Relations) concept via several examples, such as detection of new particle formation and the particles' subsequent growth, quantifying atmosphere–ecosystem feedback loops, and combining comprehensive observations with emergency science and services, as well as studying the effect of COVID-19 restrictions on different air quality and climate variables. The future needs and the potential of comprehensive observations of the environment are summarized.

Funder

Academy of Finland

Jane ja Aatos Erkon Säätiö

Jenny ja Antti Wihurin Rahasto

H2020 European Research Council

HORIZON EUROPE European Research Council

Publisher

Copernicus GmbH

Subject

Atmospheric Science

Link

https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/14949/2023/acp-23-14949-2023.pdf

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