Cyclones enhance the transport of sea spray aerosols to the high atmosphere in the Southern Ocean
-
Published:2023-09-19
Issue:18
Volume:23
Page:10349-10359
-
ISSN:1680-7324
-
Container-title:Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
-
language:en
-
Short-container-title:Atmos. Chem. Phys.
Author:
Shi Jun, Yan JinpeiORCID, Wang Shanshan, Zhao Shuhui, Zhang MimingORCID, Xu Suqing, Lin Qi, Yang Hang, Dai Siying
Abstract
Abstract. Cyclones are expected to increase the vertical transport
of sea spray aerosols (SSAs), which may significantly impact the climate by
increasing the population of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and the cloud droplet number concentration (Nd). In this study, a high-time-resolution (1 h) aerosol monitoring
was carried out in the middle and high Southern Hemisphere from 23 February to 4 March 2018. The characteristics of SSAs during
three cyclones were observed during the cruise. The results showed that SSA
level in the low atmosphere did not increase with the wind speed during
cyclone processes, which was different from the anticipated scenario that
SSA concentration would increase with wind speed. However, the size of SSA
particles during cyclones was larger than that in the no-cyclone periods. It
seems that the generation of SSAs was enhanced during cyclones, but SSA
concentration near the sea surface increased scarcely. The upward-transport
proportion was calculated according to the wind stress and sea salt flux
between cyclone and non-cyclone periods. It indicated that more than
23.4 % of the SSAs were transported upwards by cyclone processes during
event 1, and 36.2 % and 38.9 % were transported upwards in event 2 and event 3, respectively. The
upward transport of SSAs was the main reason why SSA concentration did not
increase in the low atmosphere. The transport of SSAs to the high atmosphere
during cyclones may additionally increase the CCN burden in the marine
boundary layer, which may affect the regional climate. This study highlights
the importance of SSA transport to the high atmosphere by cyclones and
extends the knowledge of SSA generation and the impact factor during the
cyclone period in marine atmosphere.
Funder
National Natural Science Foundation of China Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
Subject
Atmospheric Science
Reference37 articles.
1. Albrecht, B. A.: Aerosols, Cloud Microphysics, and Fractional Cloudiness, Science, 245,
1227–1230, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.245.4923.1227,
1989. 2. Badarinath, K. V. S., Kharol, S. K., Krishna Prasad, V., Kaskaoutis, D. G.,
and Kambezidis, H. D.: Variation in aerosol properties over Hyderabad, India
during intense cyclonic conditions, Int. J. Remote Sens.,
29, 4575–4597, https://doi.org/10.1080/01431160801950170,
2008. 3. Blanchard, D. C. and Woodcock, A. H.: Bubble formation and modification in
the sea and its meteorological significance, Tellus, 9, 145–158, https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusa.v9i2.9094, 1957. 4. Cole, I. S., Paterson, D. A., and Ganther, W. D.: Holistic model for
atmospheric corrosion Part 1 – theoretical framework for production,
transportation and deposition of marine salts, Corros. Eng. Sci. Techn., 38, 129–134,
https://doi.org/10.1179/147842203767789203, 2003. 5. Fang, G., Lin, S., Chang, S., and Chou, C.: Effect of typhoon on atmospheric
particulates in autumn in central Taiwan, Atmos. Environ., 43,
6039e6048, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.08.033, 2009.
|
|