Wildfire smoke in the Siberian Arctic in summer: source characterization and plume evolution from airborne measurements
Author:
Paris J.-D.,Stohl A.,Nédélec P.,Arshinov M. Yu.,Panchenko M. V.,Shmargunov V. P.,Law K. S.,Belan B. D.,Ciais P.
Abstract
Abstract. We present airborne measurements of carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3), equivalent black carbon (EBC) and ultra fine particles over North-Eastern Siberia in July 2008 performed during the YAK-AEROSIB/POLARCAT experiment. During a "golden day" (11 July 2008) a number of biomass burning plumes were encountered with CO concentration enhancements of up to 500 ppb relative to a background of 90 ppb. Number concentrations of aerosols in the size range 3.5–200 nm peaked at 4000 cm−3 and the EBC content reached 1.4 μg m−3. These high concentrations were caused by forest fires in the vicinity of the landing airport in Yakutsk where during the descent measurements in fresh smoke could be made. We estimate a combustion efficiency of 90±3% based on CO and CO2 measurements. The emission factor of CO emitted was 59.6±15.2 g CO per kilogram of dry matter burned, suggesting an increase in the average northern hemispheric CO concentration of 3.0–7.2 ppb per million hectares of Siberian forest burned. For BC, we estimate an emission factor of 0.52±0.07 g BC kg−1, comparable to values reported in the literature. The emission ratio of ultra-fine particles (3.5–200 nm) was 26 cm−3 (ppb CO)−1, consistent with other airborne studies. The transport of identified biomass burning plumes was investigated using the FLEXPART Lagrangian model. Based on sampling of wildfire plumes from the same source but with different atmospheric ages derived from FLEXPART, we estimate that the e-folding lifetimes of EBC and ultra fine particles (between 3.5 and 200 nm in size) against removal and growth processes are 5.1 and 5.5 days, respectively, supporting lifetimes estimates used in various modelling studies.
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
Reference42 articles.
1. Andreae, M. O., Anderson, B. E., Blake, D. R., Bradshaw, J. D., Collins, J. E., Gregory, G. L., Sachse, G. W., and Shipham, M. C.: Influence of plumes from biomass burning on atmospheric chemistry over the equatorial and tropical South Atlantic during CITE 3, J. Geophys. Res., 99(D6), 12793–12808, 1994. 2. Andreae, M. O. and Merlet, P.: Emission of trace gases and aerosols from biomass burning, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 15(4), 955–966, 2001. 3. Andreae, M. O., Artaxo, P., Fischer, H., Freitas, S. R., Gregoire, J. M., Hansel, A., Hoor, P., Kormann, R., Krejci, R., Lange, L., Lelieveld, J., Lindinger, W., Longo, K., Peters, W., de Reus, M., Scheeren, B., Dias, M. A. F. S., Strom, J., van Velthoven, P. F. J., and Williams, J.: Transport of biomass burning smoke to the upper troposphere by deep convection in the equatorial region, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28(6), 951–954, 2001. 4. Arshinov, M., Belan, B. D., Nédélec, P., Paris, J.-D., and Machida, T.: Spatial distribution of nanoparticles in the free troposphere over Siberia, in: Nucleation and Atmospheric Physics, 17th International Conference on Nucleation and Atmospheric Aerosols, edited by: O'Dowd, C. D., Wagner, P. E., Springer, 819–823, 2007. 5. Cahoon Jr., D. R., Stocks, B. J., Levine, J. S., Cofer III, W. R., and Pierson, J. M.: Satellite analysis of the severe 1987 forest fires in northern China and southeastern Siberia, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 18627–18638, 1994.
Cited by
1 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献
|
|