Global evaluation of the nutrient-enabled version of the land surface model ORCHIDEE-CNP v1.2 (r5986)
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Published:2021-04-14
Issue:4
Volume:14
Page:1987-2010
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ISSN:1991-9603
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Container-title:Geoscientific Model Development
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Geosci. Model Dev.
Author:
Sun YanORCID, Goll Daniel S.ORCID, Chang Jinfeng, Ciais Philippe, Guenet BetrandORCID, Helfenstein JulianORCID, Huang YuanyuanORCID, Lauerwald Ronny, Maignan FabienneORCID, Naipal VictoriaORCID, Wang YilongORCID, Yang Hui, Zhang HaichengORCID
Abstract
Abstract. The availability of phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) constrains the
ability of ecosystems to use resources such as light, water and carbon. In
turn, nutrients impact the distribution of productivity, ecosystem carbon
turnovers and their net exchange of CO2 with the atmosphere in response
to variation of environmental conditions in both space and time. In this
study, we evaluated the performance of the global version of the land
surface model ORCHIDEE-CNP (v1.2), which explicitly simulates N and P
biogeochemistry in terrestrial ecosystems coupled with carbon, water and
energy transfers. We used data from remote sensing, ground-based measurement
networks and ecological databases. Components of the N and P cycle at
different levels of aggregation (from local to global) are in good agreement
with data-driven estimates. When integrated for the period 1850 to 2017
forced with variable climate, rising CO2 and land use change, we show
that ORCHIDEE-CNP underestimates the land carbon sink in the Northern
Hemisphere (NH) during recent decades despite an a priori realistic gross primary productivity (GPP)
response to rising CO2. This result suggests either that
processes other than CO2 fertilization, which are omitted in ORCHIDEE-CNP
such as changes in biomass turnover, are predominant drivers of the northern
land sink and/or that the model parameterizations produce
emerging nutrient limitations on biomass growth that are too strict in northern areas. In line
with the latter, we identified biases in the simulated large-scale patterns
of leaf and soil stoichiometry as well as plant P use efficiency, pointing towards
P limitations that are too severe towards the poles. Based on our analysis of
ecosystem resource use efficiencies and nutrient cycling, we propose ways to
address the model biases by giving priority to better representing processes
of soil organic P mineralization and soil inorganic P transformation,
followed by refining the biomass production efficiency under increasing
atmospheric CO2, phenology dynamics and canopy light absorption.
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
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