Mathematical model for optimizing the fleet of vehicles for performing land reclamation works

Abstract

When choosing technical means for performing various technological processes and, in particular, for carrying out reclamation and cultural-technical works, two aspects should be taken into account: the fundamental possibility of using machines and the level of their reliability. But if the choice of technical means according to the fundamental possibility of use for performing a specific operation is sufficiently developed («Systems of machines», catalogs of special equipment have been developed), then the choice of means of repair and technical impact, depending on quantitative data and qualitative characteristics of reliability, is currently not fully studied. This is due to the lack of a sufficient database on malfunctions of the specified technical means and, as a consequence, the lack of reliable indicators of their reliability. Analysis of the data on the operation of technical means in land reclamation and construction organizations shows that due to the low reliability of machines, up to 40% of the cost of their work is the cost of maintenance and repair, while the share of time resources for downtime for technical reasons in the total fund of the working time reaches 40-50%. It should be noted that this is only part of the damage caused by the lack of reliability of the machines. Improving the methods of using machines led to the creation of mechanized complexes - a group form of machine work. Therefore, due to the widespread use of complex mechanization in land reclamation construction, the stop of one machine of a technological complex leads to a stop of the entire technological process. Thus, the determination of the reliability characteristics of the units of technological complexes, namely, the establishment of the physical nature, failures, the identification of the causes of their occurrence, as well as the determination of the need for repair and technical actions, will provide the necessary operational and economic performance indicators of the entire technological complex in specific operating conditions. In this regard, the issue of determining the optimal provision of repair and technical impacts on the units of technological complexes, taking into account their components, is an urgent task that requires separate research.