Abstract
The article deals with the main factors of the negative impact of the construction of railway approaches to the transport crossing through the Kerch Strait on the biota and affected aquatic ecosystems. The paper presents data on the calculation of the loss of aquatic biological resources as a result of disturbance (redistribution) of natural runoff from the deformed surface of the drainage basin. The data on the assessment of damage to aquatic biological resources due to damage to areas of the floodplain of a watercourse of fishery importance (floodplain spawning grounds) is also provided. Based on the analysis of the technical solutions of the project and the measures to protect the environment proposed in it, the main types of impact on aquatic biological resources are the following: deterioration of the conditions for fish reproduction as a result of damage to floodplain spawning grounds of the Dzharjava river; a decrease in the fish productivity of the watercourse as a result of the disturbance (redistribution) of the natural runoff from the deformed surface of the drainage basin. The paper considers compensation and environmental protection measures aimed at reducing the negative impact on the water environment during the construction and operation of railway approaches to the transport crossing through the Kerch Strait.