Extraction of biologically active substances from grape processing waste

Abstract

For sustainable management of natural resources and effective integrated use of the raw materials, it is necessary to introduce into production innovative developments for the effective extraction of valuable substances from production waste. Waste recycling is crucial to reduce the negative impact on the environment, minimize waste and increase the efficiency of using raw materials. The paper addresses the problem of environmental pollution by grape processing waste. The results of chemical analysis of CO2 and alcohol extracts from grape processing waste, including grape pomace, are presented. For the study, samples of carbon dioxide extract from white and red grape pomace were isolated. In carbon dioxide extracts, indicators of oxidative spoilage, mass fraction of unsaponifiable substances and fatty acid composition were determined. It is shown that for the most efficient extraction of biologically active substances from grape pomace, a two-stage extraction should be carried out: CO2 extraction and extraction with an alcohol solution. The experimental results indicate that the secondary extraction from grape pomace and its individual components with liquefied carbon dioxide results in the formation of easily decomposable waste and extraction of a lipid fraction containing valuable substances that can be used in the food and cosmetic industries. The results obtained show that the use of a 70% alcohol solution is technologically substantiated for obtaining extracts from grape pomace with a highest content of phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins and tannins.